Multi-functional land-use planning as a regulator of urban metabolism: a conceptual perspective

  • Bojana Ivanović Belgrade, Serbia
Keywords: urban metabolism, circularity, sustainability, multi-functional land use, intertwining of urban functions

Abstract

This paper is an attempt to reveal the possibilities for using land-use planning to improve the urban metabolism (UM) circularity and sustainability, and thus its usefulness for urban planning and development. The available literature about UM is overviewed and analysed from this conceptual perspective, and a comprehensive and consistent definition of the UM concept is proposed. The Circular UM is also presented as an efficient and sustainable extension of UM. It has been found that distinct urban forms strongly influence UM, and that this influence to a great extent transfers through, and connects, the layers of the urban form, from the urban morphology, through the spatial distribution of urban functions, to the level of the building stock. These relations imply that proper intertwining of city functions in compact urban areas could have favourable impacts on many aspects of UM, reducing the consumption of land, material and energy, as well as pollution, and improving the overall quality of life. Quantification of these impacts requires a more precise determination of the effects of intertwining of urban functions, and the side-effects of doing so, and is a precondition for the effective use of MLU for UM optimisation.

References

Antrop, M. (2006). Sustainable landscapes: contradiction, fiction or utopia?, Landscape and Urban Planning, Vol. 75, No. 3-4, pp. 187–197.

Ávila C. (2018). New Urban Landscapes. In C. Díez Medina, J. Monclús (Eds.) Urban Visions. Cham, Switzerland: Springer, pp. 289-298.

Brunner, P.H. (2007). Reshaping Urban Metabolism, Journal of Industrial Ecology, Vol. 11, No. 2, pp. 11-13.

Castan Broto, V., Allen, A., Rapoport, E. (2012). Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Urban Metabolism, Journal of Industrial Ecology, Vol. 16, No. 6, pp. 851-861.

Conke, L.S., Ferreira, T.L. (2015). Urban metabolism: Measuring the city's contribution to sustainable development, Environmental Pollution, Vol. 202, pp. 146-152.

Davis, M.J.M., Jácome Polit, D., Lamour, M. (2016). Improving Sustainability Concept in Developing Countries: Social Urban Metabolism Strategies (SUMS) for Cities, Procedia Environmental Sciences, Vol. 34, pp. 309-327.

Decker, H., Elliott, S., Smith, F.A., Blake, D.R., Rowland, F. (2000). Energy and material flow through the urban ecosystem, Annual Review of Energy and the Environment, Vol. 25, pp. 685-740.

Dijst, M., Geertman, S., Helbich, M., Kwan, M., Worrell, E., Harmsen, R., Ribeiro, A., Carreón, J., Böcker, L., Brunner, P., Davoudi, S., Holtslag, A., Lenz, B., Lyons, G., Mokhtarian, P., Newman, P., Thomson, G., Perrels, A., Urge-Vorsatz, D., Zeyringer, M. (2018). Exploring urban metabolism - Towards an interdisciplinary perspective, Resources, Conservation and Recycling, Vol. 132, pp. 190-203.

Ghafouri, А. (2016). Sustainable Urban Form, Multifunctionality and Adaptation: Redefining urban spaces as multifunctional shared areas, doctoral dissertation. Strasbourg: University of Strasbourg.

Guidelines for land use planning (1993). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome.

Hsu, K. (2019). Effect of Distinct Land Use Patterns on Quality of Life in Urban Settings, Journal of Urban Planning and Development, Vol. 145, No. 4, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)UP.1943-5444.0000522.

Jacobs, J. (1961). The Death and Life of Great American Cities. New York: Random House LLC.

Janin Rivolin, U. (2017) Global crisis and the systems of spatial governance and planning: a European comparison, European Planning Studies, Vol. 25, pp. 994-1012.

Kennedy, C., Cuddihy, J., Engel-Yan, J. (2007). The Changing Metabolism of Cities, Journal of Industrial Ecology, Vol. 11, No. 2, pp. 43-59.

Kennedy, C., Pincetl, S., Bunje, P. (2010). The study of urban metabolism and its applications to urban planning and design, Environmental Pollution, Vol. 159, pp. 1965-1973.

Kennedy, C., Stewart, I.D., Ibrahim, N., Facchini, A., Mele, R. (2014). Developing a multi-layered indicator set for urban metabolism studies in megacities, Ecological Indicators, Vol. 47, No. 1, pp. 7-15.

Lefebvre, H. (1992). The Production of Space. Oxford: Blackwell.

Lin, L., Liu, M., Luo, F., Wang, K., Zhang, Q., Xiang, W. (2012). Comment on “The study of urban metabolism and its applications to urban planning and design” by Kennedy et al. (2011), Letter to the Editor, Environmental Pollution, Vol. 167, pp. 184-185.

Minx, J.C., Creutzig, F., Medinger, V., Ziegler, T., Owen, A., Baiocchi, G. (2011). Developing a Pragmatic Approach to Assess Urban Metabolism in Europe – A Report to Environment Agency, Climatecon Working Paper. Berlin: Technische Universität Berlin and Stockholm Environment Institute.

Mumford, L. (1961). The City in History. New York: Harcourt.

Neuman, M. (2005). The Compact City Fallacy, Journal of Planning Education and Research, Vol. 25, No. 1, pp. 11-26.

Nordvästra Skånes Renhållnings AB, http://nsr.se/om-nsr/vart-miljoarbete, accessed 5th Jan, 2020.

Pinho, P., Santos, S., Oliveira, V., Barbosa, M., Silva, M., Galera Lindblom, P., Weber, R., Reardon, M., Schmitt, P. (2011). Report on approaches and strategies for a metabolically sustainable city - SUME Working Paper 3.3. Portugal: Oporto.

Pistoni, R., Bonin, S. (2017). Urban metabolism planning and designing approaches between quantitative analysis and urban landscape, City, Territory and Architecture, Vol. 4, 20.

Priemus, H., Nijkamp, P., Dieleman, F.M. (2000). Meervoudig Ruimtegebruik; Stimulansen en Belemmeringen. Delft: Delft University Press.

Resilience and Resource Efficiency in Cities (2017). United Nations Environment Programme.

Rodenburg, C.A., R. Vreeker, P. Nijkamp (2003). Multifunctional Land Use: An Economic Perspective. In P. Nijkamp, C.A. Rodenburg, R. Vreeker (Eds.), The Economics of Multifunctional Land Use. Maastricht: Shaker Publishing, pp. 3-15.

Rodenburg, C.A., Nijkamp, P. (2004). Multifunctional land use in the city: A typological overview, Built Environment, Vol. 30, No. 4, pp. 274–288.

Saavedra, Y., Iritani, D., Pavan, A., Ometto, A. (2018). Theoretical contribution of industrial ecology to circular economy, Journal of Cleaner Production, Vol. 170, pp. 1514-1522.

Southworth, M. (2003). Measuring the Liveable City, Built Environment, Vol. 29, No. 4, pp. 343-354.

Swilling, M., Robinson, B., Marvin, S., Hodson, M. (2013). City-Level Decoupling: Urban Resource Flows and the Governance of Infrastructure Transitions: A Report of the Working Group on Cities of the International Resource Panel. UNEP.

Taleai, M., Sharifi, A., Sliuzas, R., Mesgari, M. (2007). Evaluating the compatibility of multi-functional and intensive urban land uses, International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, Vol. 9, pp. 375–391.

UN General Assembly (2016). New Urban Agenda, Quito: UN General Assembly.

Van Broekhoven, S., Vernay, A.L. (2018). Integrating Functions for a Sustainable Urban System: A Review of Multifunctional Land Use and Circular Urban Metabolism, Sustainability, Vol. 10, No. 6, 1875.

Van der Waals, J. (2000). The Compact City and the Environment: A Review, Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie, Vol. 91, No. 2, pp. 111-121.

Van Schaick, J., Van Der Spek, S. C. (2008). Urbanism on Track: Application of Tracking Technologies in Urbanism. IOS Press.

Vasiljević, N. (2012). Landscape Planning as an Instrument of Spatial Development of Serbia, doctoral dissertation. Belgrade: University of Belgrade – Faculty of Forestry.

Voet, D., Voet, J.G. (2004). Biochemistry, 3rd edition. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons.

Vreeker, R. (2004). Urban Multifunctional Land Use and Externalities. ERSA (European Regional Science Association) conference papers.

Willis, K.G., Garrod, G.D., Harvey, D.R. (1998). A review of cost–benefit analysis as applied to the evaluation of new road proposals in the U.K., Transportation Research, Part D: Transport and Environment, Vol. 3, No. 3, pp. 141-156.

Wolman, A. (1965). The Metabolism of Cities, Scientific American, Vol. 213, pp. 179-190.

World Urbanization Prospects: The 2014 Revision, Highlights (2014). Department of Economic and Social Affairs, and Population Division of the United Nations, New York.

Xu, S., Madden, M. (1989). Urban ecosystems: a holistic approach to urban analysis and planning, Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design, Vol. 16, No. 2, pp. 187-200.

Zhang, Y. (2019). Urban Metabolism, Encyclopedia of Ecology, 2nd Edition, Vol. 4, pp. 441-451.

Published
2020-08-09
Section
Scientific Analysis or Debate