A possibility of introducing the concept of form into urban planning in Serbia
Abstract
This paper analyses the methodology of drawing up urban plans in Serbia and identifies the effects of their implementation on the quality of built environment. It points out that certain negative effects and problems in spatial development could be related to the absence of the concept of form in planning, or to the lack of direction in the process of developing physical structure through planning guidelines. The analysis of the planning documentation shows that the approach to planning is either too general, disregarding the specificities of the location, or too deterministic, manifested in the rigidly defined building rules that do not allow for diversity in architectural design. It can be concluded that this situation is facilitated by the fact that neither the Law nor the current context of planning support research in planning which would include a systematic existing situation analysis, spatial verification of planning solutions and introduction of parameters of quality in construction, in addition to the current predominantly quantitative ones. On the other hand, this paper points to up-to-date research in the area of urban morphology and contributions to the education of researchers and professionals which could improve planning methodology, and consequently the existing urban practice in Serbia.
References
Belgrade City Municipality Stari Grad (2012) Strategija održivog razvoja opštine Stari Grad [The Strategy for the sustainable development of the Stari Grad municipality].
Castex, J., Depaule, J., Panerai, P. (1980) Urban forms. Belgrade: Građevinska knjiga.
Dimitrijević Marković, S. (2012) Urbani dizajn, njegova uloga i značaj u čuvanju i kreiranju ambijentalnih celina, Nasleđe, No.XIII, pp. 209-218 [Dimitrijević Marković, S. (2012) Urban design: its role and importance in preserving and creating urban areas, Nasleđe, No.XIII, pp. 209-218].
Đokić, V. (2009) Urban typology: city square in Serbia. Belgrade: Faculty of Architecture University of Belgrade.
Ferenčak, M. (2018) Dobar grad i zakon o urbanističkom planiranju u Srbiji, In: Jevtić, A., Drašković, B. (eds.) Proceedings of International scientific-professional conference 14th summer school of urbanism, Bijeljina. Beograd: Udruženje urbanista Srbije, pp. 43-53 [Ferenčak, M. (2018) Good City and the Law on Urban Planning in Serbia, In: Jevtić, A., Drašković, B. (eds.) Proceedings of International scientific-professional conference 14th summer school of urbanism, Bijeljina. Belgrade: Udruženje urbanista Srbije, pp. 43-53].
Gligorijević, Ž., Graovac, A. (2018) Zakonski okvir kao osnov za kvalitetan plan? Lekcije o upravljanju, planiranju i komunikaciji iz 70 godina iskustva urbanističkog zavoda Beograda, In: Jevtić, A., Drašković, B. (eds.) Proceedings of International scientific-professional conference 14th summer school of urbanism, Bijeljina. Beograd: Udruženje urbanista Srbije, pp. 91-99 [Gligorijević, Ž., Graovac, A. (2018) Regulatory Framework as a Base for a Quality Plan? The Lessons on Management, Planning and Communication from the 70 Years of Experience of Urban Planning Institute of Belgrade, In: Jevtić, A., Drašković, B. (eds.) Proceedings of International scientific-professional conference 14th summer school of urbanism, Bijeljina. Belgrade: Udruženje urbanista Srbije, pp. 91-99].
Habraken, N. J. (2009) On designing, inhabitation, and morphology. Urban Morphology, No.13 (2), pp. 131-133.
Hall, T. (2013) The potential influence of urban morphology onplanning practice, Urban Morphology, No.17 (1), pp. 54-55.
Kurtović Folić, N., Bajić Brković, M., Bazik, D. (1997) Istraživanje fizičkog prostora za potrebe unapređenja rada u planiranju, projektovanju i izgradnji – na primeru područja Kosančićevog venca, Glasnik društva konzervatora Srbije, 21. [Kurtović Folić, N., Bajić Brković, M., Bazik, D. (1997) Investigation of the Physical Environment for the Improvement of Planning, Designing and Building, Glasnik društva konzervatora Srbije, 21].
Lazarević Bajec, N. (2009) Rational or collaborative model of urban planning in Serbia: institutional limitations, SAJ, No.1, pp. 81-106.
Malfroy, S. (2001) Urban morphology and project consulting: a Berlin experience. Urban Morphology, No. 5 (2), pp. 63-80.
Marić, I., Niković, A., Manić, B. (2010) Transformation of the New Belgrade urban tissue: filling the space instead of interpolation. Spatium, No.22, pp. 47-56.
Milenković, B. (1993) Pravila građenja. Arhitektonika, Kolo A-sveska br.1, Beograd: Arhitektonski fakultet Univerziteta u Beogradu [Milenković, B. (1993) Rules of construction. Architectonics, Circuit A-Vol. 1, Belgrade: Arhitektonski fakultet Univerziteta u Beogradu].
Niković, A., Manić, B., Maruna, M. (2015) Savremena arhitektonska praksa: institucionalni okvir i pravila građenja., Arhitektura i urbanizam, 40, str. 66-70. [Niković, A., Manić, B., Maruna, M. (2015) Contemporary architectural practice: Institutional framework and building rules, Arhitektura i urbanizam, 40, pp. 66-70.]
Niković, A., Manić, B., Đokić, V., Roter Blagojević, M. (2016) Contemporary architectural and urban design practice in Belgrade and Serbia through the perspective of urban morphology approach, In: Nencini, D. (Ed.) City as organism. New visions for urban life. Vol.2, 22nd International Seminar on Urban Form, Conference Proceedings, Rome: Sapienza University of Rome, Faculty of Architecture, pp.1561-1566.
Niković, A., V. Đokić, B. Manić (2014) The morhological dimension of planning documents: case study Belgrade, capital of Serbia. In: Oliveira, V., Pinho, P., Batista, L., Patatas,T. and Monteiro, C. (Eds.) Our common future in Urban Morphology. 21st International Seminar on Urban Form. Porto: FEUP, Portugal, pp. 1568-1577.
Niković, A., Roter-Blagojević, M. (2018) Understanding place in Serbia, Urban Morphology, No.22 (1), pp. 78-79.
Nezbit, K. (1996) Teorija arhitekture postmodernizma. Translated in: Perović, M. (2005) Istorija moderne arhitekture. Antologija tekstova. Tradicija modernizma i drugi modernizam. Knjiga 3. Beograd: Arhitektonski fakultet. pp. 345-387. [Nesbitt, K. (1996) Introduction. In: Nesbitt, K. Theorizing a New Agenda for Architecture: 1965-1995. New York: Princeton Architectural Press Ltd., pp. 12-70]
Oliveira, V. (2006) The morphological dimension of municipal plans. Urban Morphology, 10 (2), pp. 79-89.
Perović, M. (2008) Iskustva prošlosti. Beograd: Građevinska knjiga [Perović, M. (2008) Lessons of the Past. Belgrade: Građevinska knjiga].
Trkulja, S., Čolić, R., Maksin, M. (eds.) (2018) Sustainable and Integrated Urban Development Strategy of the Republic of Serbia until 2030. Belgrade: Ministry of Construction, Transport and Infrastructure.
