Technical and logical methods for improving the process of urban planning in Serbia
Abstract
The subject of the paper is an analysis of the methodology for developing urban plans, considered in a normative, organizational and interest context. Based on current legislation defining the content and procedure for adopting a plan, and the institutional framework that defines the participants in the planning process, a basic methodological model for a planning solution was formed, which was then improved in the context of the collaborative planning paradigm. Starting from the assumption that harmonizing the different interests represents the “grey zone” of planning in Serbia, the paper explores various methodological steps that would give a space for better cooperation between all stakeholders, and therefore contribute to the improvement of procedures for developing plans and the quality of the planning solutions themselves. On the basis of this research, a methodology for urban planning is defined as a logical and technical method of successively configuring a planning solution in a normative, organizational and interest context. Through analysis of the application of the methodological model in practice and a case study, it was confirmed that the method of producing a plan that includes timely and meaningful cooperation can reconcile the interests of the different stakeholders in planning.
References
Allmendinger, P. (2001) Planning Theory. London: Palgrave.
Bherer, L. (2010) Successful and unsuccessful participatory arrangements: why is there a participatory movement at the local level? Journal of Urban Affairs, Vol. 32, No. 3, pp. 287–303.
Čolić, R. (2014) Evaluation of the capacity development of actors within participatory planning process. Spatium, No. 31, pp. 45-50.
Čolić, R., Mojović, Đ., Petković, M., Čolić, N. (2013) Vodič za participaciju u planiranju urbanog razvoja. Beograd: Republika Srbija - Ministarstvo građevinarstva i urbanizma, Deutsche Zusammenarbeit, GIZ – Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit GmbH, Ambero-Icon (Guide for Participation in Urban Development Planning. Belgrade: Republic of Serbia – Ministry of Building and Urban Development, GIZ, Ambero-Icon).
Danilović Hristić, N., Stefanović, N. (2013) The role of public insight in urban planning process: Increasing efficiency and effectiveness. Spatium, No. 30, pp. 33-39.
Danilović Hristić, N., Stefanović, N. (2016) The Public Insight and Inclusivity in the Planning Process. Conference Proceedings Places and Technologies 2016, Belgrade: University of Belgrade Faculty of Architecture, pp. 287-293.
Deatailed Plan for Area between streets: Goce Delčeva, Palmira Toljatija, Džona Kenedija and Bulevard of Nikola Tesla – part of block 9a, City Municipalities Novi Beograd and Zemun (“Official Gazette of the City of Belgrade”, No. 46/16) / Plan detaljne regulacije za područje između ulica: Goce Delčeva, Palmira Toljatija, Džona Kenedija i Bulevara Nikole Tesle – deo bloka 9a, gradske opštine Novi Beograd i Zemun (“Službeni list grada Beograda”, br. 46/16)
Detailed Plan for Reconstruction and Annex of Heating System Network, from Heating Plant TP “New Belgrade” to the area of SPASU “Belgrade on Water” (“Official Gazette of the City of Belgrade”, No. 04/16) / Plan detaljne regulacije za rekonstrukciju i dogradnju toplovodne mreže od toplane TO “Novi Beograd” do područja PPPPN “Beograd na vodi (“Službeni list grada Beograda”, br. 04/16)
Detailed Plan for Spatial, Cultural and Historic Entity Topčider – phase II, part I, City Municipalities Čukarica and Savski venac (“Official Gazette of the City of Belgrade”, No. 98/16) / Plan detaljne regulacije prostorno kulturno istorijske celine Topčider – faza II, celina 1, gradske opštine Čukarica i Savski venac (“Službeni list grada Beograda”, br. 98/16)
Detailed Plan for Square Slavija, City Municipalities Vračar and Savski venac (“Official Gazette of the City of Belgrade”, No. 30/15) / Plan detaljne regulacije Trga Slavija, gradske opštine Vračar i Savski venac, (“Službeni list grada Beograda”, 30/15)
Detailed Plan for urban block between streets: Knez Danilova, Stanoja Glavaša, Dalmatinska and Starine Novaka, City Municipality Palilula (“Official Gazette of the City of Belgrade”, No. 56/16) / Plan detaljne regulacije za blok između ulica: Knez Danilove, Stanoja Glavaša, Dalmatinske i Starine Novaka, gradska opština Palilula (“Službeni list grada Beograda”, br. 56/16)
Detailed Plan of Bus and Train Station Compex in Block 42 in New Belgrade, City Municipality of New Belgrade (“Official Gazette of the City of Belgrade”, No. 39/16) / Plan detaljne regulacije kompleksa autobuske i železničke stanice u bloku 42 na Novom Beogradu, gradska opština Novi Beograd (“Službeni list grada, Beograda”, br. 39/16)
Detailed Plan of the External Main Tangent (EMT) – II phase (“Official Gazette of the City of Belgrade”, No. 42/16)/ Plan detaljne regulacije spoljne magistralne tangente (SMT) – II faza (“Službeni list grada Beograda”, br. 42/16)
Detailed Plan of Settlement Altina 2 in Zemun (“Official Gazette of the City of Belgrade”, No. 80/16)/ Plan detaljne regulacije naselja “Altina 2” u Zemunu, (“Službeni list grada Beograda”,br. 80/16)
Ellin, N. (2006) Integral Urbanism. New York: Routledge.
Forester, J. (1999) The Deliberative Practitioner: Encouraging Participatory Planning Processes. Cambridge: MIT Press.
Gardesse, C. (2015) The fraught ‘menage à trois’ of public actors, private players and inhabitants: Problems of participation in French urban development projects. Urban Studies, Vol. 52, pp. 3035-3053.
Healey, P. (1997) Collaborative Planning: Shaping Places in Fragmented Societies. UK: Palgrave Macmillan.
Law on Expropriation, (“Official Gazette of the SRJ”, No. 53/95, 16/2001-SUS, “Official Gazette of the RS”, No. 20/2009, 55/2013-US) / Zakon o eksproprijaciji (“Službeni list SRJ”, br. 53/95, 16/2001-SUS, “Službeni glasnik RS”, br. 20/2009, 55/2013-US)
Law on planning and Construction (“Official Gazzete of the RS”, No. 72/09, 81/09-corr, 64/10-US, 24/11, 121/12, 42/13- US, 50/13-US, 98/13-US, 132/14 and 145/14) / Zakon o planiranju i izgradnji, (“Službeni glasnik”, RS br. 72/09, 81/09-ispravka, 64/10-US, 24/11, 121/12, 42/13-US, 50/13- US, 98/13-US, 132/14 i 145/14)
Law on planning and Regulation of Space and Settlement (“Official Gazzete of the RS”, No. 44/95) / Zakon o planiranju i uređenju prostora i naselja (“Službeni glasnik RS”, br. 44/95)
Lazarević Bajec, N. (2009) Rational or collaborative model of urban planning in Serbia: Institutional limitations, SAJ, Vol. 2, No. 2, pp. 81-106.
Maksić, M. (2012) European experiences as guidelines for public, private and civil sector role redefinition in spatial policy formulation process in Serbia. Spatium, No. 27, pp. 40- 45.
Petovar, K., Jokić, V. (2011) The right of servitude between public interest and undisturbed use of private property. Spatium, No. 26, pp. 7-13.
Petovar, K., Vujošević, M. (2008) Public interest and public benefit in urban and spatial planning. Sociologija i prostor, No. 46, pp. 23-51.
Scott, W. R. (2004) Institutional theory, in Ritzer, G. (ed.) Encyclopedia of Social Theory. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. pp. 408-14.
Stefanović, N., Danilović Hristić, N., Milijić, S. (2015) Implementation Model of Planning Rules in Spatial Plans. Spatium, No. 33, pp. 62-68.
Stone, C. (2008). Power in the City: Clarence Stone and the Politics of Inequity (Studies in Government & Public Policy). Lawrence, KS: University Press of Kansas.
Sustainable Development Goals (2015) UN HABITAT.
Taylor, N. (2004) Urban Planning Theory since 1945. London: Sage Publications.
UN HABITAT (2007) Inclusive and Sustainable Urban Planning: A Guide for Municipalities, Vol. 1-4 (2007). Nairobi: UN HABITAT.
Vujošević, M. (2003) Planiranje u postsocijalističkoj i ekonomskoj tranziciji. Beograd: IAUS. [Vujošević, M. (2003) Planning in Post-Socialist and Economic Transition. Belgrade: IAUS.]
Vujošević, M., Petovar, K. (2006) Public Interest and Stategies of Actors in Urban and Spatial Planning. Sociologija, Vol. 48, No. 4, pp. 356-382. [Vujošević, M., Petovar, K. (2006) Public Interest and Stategies of Actors in Urban and Spatial Planning, Sociology.]
Vujošević, M., Petovar, K. (2010), European planning discource and a renewal of European sustainable development planning: some lessons for a transition country. Sociologija i prostor, Vol. 48, No.2, pp. 173-195.
Vujošević, M., Zeković, S., Maričić, T. (2012) Post-Socialist Transition in Serbia and Its Unsustainable Path, European Planning Studies, Vol. 20, No. 10, pp. 1707-1727.
Zeković, S., Vujošević, M., Maričić, T. (2015) Spatial regularization, planning instruments and urban land market in a post-socialist society: The case of Belgrade. Habitat International, No. 48, pp. 65-78.
Živanović-Miljković J., Popović, V. (2014). Land use regulation and property rights regime over land in Serbia. Spatium, No. 32, pp. 22-27.
