Methodological approach to creating  an urban lighting atmosphere with regard to human needs

Alina I. Turekulova; Atanas D. Kovatchev; Galina R. Iskhojanova

doi:10.2298/SPAT2043016T

Alina I. Turekulova International Educational Corporation, IEC, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Atanas D. Kovatchev University of Forestry, Sofia, Bulgaria; Varna Free University “Chernorizets Hrabar”, Varna, Bulgaria
Galina R. Iskhojanova International Educational Corporation, IEC, Almaty. Kazakhstan

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2298/SPAT2043016T

Keywords: lighting design, urban lighting, needs of society, concepts and city lighting programs

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to assess how lighting correlates with human needs and emotions and to examine the implications for lighting design. The complex variables of urban lighting include practical, social, cultural and semantic elements of the urban environment. The research identified the most promising opportunities for using lighting technologies responsive to the basic levels of the human need for lighting. The dynamics of “LIGHT-VIEWER-ATMOSPHERE” were applied in order to explore critical areas of interdependence. To determine the most critical areas, the hierarchical principles of A. H. Maslow’s pyramid of needs were adapted and applied to the data. The authors studied the interaction between the viewer and light technologies in order to determine the most likely enhancements to the emotional impact of lighting. The “Expanded hierarchy of needs with regard to the presence of light” illustrates the issues considered here. The classification of societal needs is based on an analysis of the emotional impact of examples of lighting solutions in architectural environments within a clear social context. A morphological analysis was carried out using the cross-consistency assessment method (CCA). Criteria for evaluating the effects of light were considered on 4 basic levels of needs following Maslow’s pyramid configuration.

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