Human capital and its spatial distribution as limiting factors for the balanced development of Serbia
Abstract
Human capital is one of the key factors of economic and social development. Namely, the growth potential of a territory is largely dependent on human capital that is, on citizen’s creative potential and especially on their education. Society with a better endowment of human capital has a greater development potential. The subject of this paper is Serbia’s human capital seen from the point of view of workforce education structure (20-64 age group). In this paper we present spatial distribution of workforce, i.e. the differences in workforce education levels and polarization of Serbian territory in terms of human capital pool. The result is a typology of municipalities in Serbia based on calculated values of average completed education level - the EMN index. Mapping of the corresponding values was done at the municipality level in order to get a clear distinction and a more accurate picture of spatial disparities in human resources.
References
Barro, R., Sala-I-Martin, X. Blanchard, O., Hall, R. (1991) Convergence Across States and Regions, Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, No. 1, pp. 107-182. http://www.bbk.ac.uk/ems/faculty/zoega/research/barrosalaimartin.pdf, accessed on 21th Nov 2009.
Chen, D., Dahlman, C. (2004) Knowledge and Development – A Cross-Section Approach, World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 3366, accessed on 10th Oct 2015.
Davidović, M. (1989) Migracije u Srbiji: rezultati jednog istraživanja, Migracijske i etničke teme, Vo l6, No. 2, pp. 157- 172.
European Commission, ECSC-EC-EAEC (2005) Key Data on Education in Europe 2005, Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, http://www.okm. gov.hu/doc/upload/200601/key_data_2005.pdf, accessed on 5th Oct 2009.
European Commission, Education, Audiovisual and Culture Executive Agency (2012) Key Data on Education in Europe 2012, P9 Eurydice, Brussels, Website: http://eacea,ec,europa,eu/education/eurydice, accessed on 1th Sept 2015.
Gennaioli N., La Porta R., Lopez-de-Silanes, F., Shleifer, A. (2013) Human Capital and Regional Development, The Quarterly Journal of Economics, pp. 105–164.
Grečić, V. (2002) The Role of Migrant Professionals in the Process of Transition in Yugoslavia, Migracije i tranzicija u Jugoslaviji, Vol. LIV, No. 3, pp. 253-271.
Hanushek, E. A. (2015) Why Standard Measures of Human Capital are Misleading, KDI Journal of Economic Policy, No. 37 (2), pp. 22–39.
Јоkić, V. (2013) Prоstоrni rаspоrеd i stаrоsnа strukturа kао fаktоr оgrаničеnjа (rаvnоmеrnоg) rаzvоја Srbiје, Аrhitеkturа i urbanizam, No. 38, pp. 17-32.
Jokić, V., Dželebdžić, O. (2014) Mаpirаnjе sоciјаlnе isključеnоsti – prоstоrnа dimеnziја stаrоsnе i оbrаzоvnе strukturе stаnоvništvа Srbiје, in Petrić, J. et al. (eds.) Obnova strateškog prostornog mišljenja, istraživanja i upravljanja u Srbiji 2, IAUS, Beograd, pp. 107-137.
Karahasan, B. López-Bazo, E (2013) The Spatial Distribution of Human Capital: Can It Really Be Explained by Regional Differences in Market Access? International Regional Science Review No 36. (4), pp. 451-480.
Lucas, R. E. (1988) On the Mechanics of Economic Development, Journal of Monetary Economics No. 22, pp. 3-42.
Mitrović, M., Mitrović, I. (2015) The Role of Human Capital in Increasing Competitiveness of the Serbian Economy, Synthesis 2015, Book of proceedings International scientific sonference of IT and Business-Related Research, Singidunum University, Belgrade.
Mirić, О. (2014) Unаprеđеnjе sistеmа strаtеškоg i оpеrаtivnоg plаnirаnjа u Rеpublici Srbiјi, Beograd: Еvrоpski pоkrеt Srbiје.
Petrović, R. (1987) Društvo i stanovništvo – makrosociološki i demografski aspekti razvoja Srbije, Beograd: Ekonomski institut.
Rapoport, H. (2002) Who is afraid of the brain drain? Human capital flight and growth in developing countries, Department of Economics, Bar-Ilan University, and CREDPR, Stanford University. Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research, http://web.stanford.edu/group/siepr/cgi-bin/siepr/?q=system/files/shared/pubs/papers/briefs/policybrief_apr02.pdf, accessed on 6th Oct 2015.
Rodríguez-Pose, A., Tselios V. (2011) Mapping the European regional educational distribution, European Urban and Regional Studies, No. 18, pp. 358-374.
Rodríguez-Pose, A., Vilalta-Bufi, M. (2005) Education, migration, and job satisfaction: the regional returns of human capital in the EU, Journal of Economic Geography, No. 5, pp. 545–566.
Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia (SORS) (1999) Municipalities in Serbia, Belgrade: Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia.
Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia (SORS) (2011) Municipalities in Serbia, Belgrade: Statistical Office of the Republic of erbia.
Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia (SORS) (2013), 2011 Census of Population, Households and Dwellimgs in the Republic of Serbia, Educational Attainment – special data processing across age groups, Belgrade: Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia.
Stanković, V. (2014) Srbija u procesu spoljnih migracija,
Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia, Belgrade, pp. 1-140.
World Economic Forum (WEF) (2013) The Europe 2020 Competitiveness Report: Building a More Competitive Europe 2014, http://www.weforum.org/, accessed on 8th Oct 2015.
World Economic Forum (WEF) (2014) The Global Competitiveness Report 2013–2014, http://www.weforum.org/, accessed on 7th Oct 2015.
World Economic Forum (WEF) (2015) The Human Capital Report 2015, http://www.weforum.org/, accessed
