Reshaping the built heritage of historical wineries and wine cellars: New programs and types of interventions
Abstract
Wine architecture is closely related to the ever-changing social, economic, environmental, and cultural context regarding winemaking activity. In the Middle Ages, spaces intended for wine production were first built as part of a complex of monasteries and castles and later, due to the improvement of winemaking techniques, as independent wine cellars. By the beginning of the 20th century, the expansion of viticulture and winemaking led to the construction of wine caves, cellars, estates, villages, wine houses and cathedrals, creating a wide range of historical forms of wine architecture. The establishment of larger industrial plants and organized wine production in the first half of the 20th century resulted in the abandonment of many old wine cellars. However, the turn of the 21st century brought about a renewed appreciation for wine landscapes and architecture, leading to increased awareness of the importance of protecting and restoring the built wine heritage. Further, due to the rapid development of integrative design concepts that combine wine production and tourism, the need to expand the spatial capacities of historical wineries and wine cellars arose simultaneously. This paper delves into reshaping the built heritage of historic wineries and wine cellars in the 21st century, analyzing different design principles. The research relies on the theoretical background of protecting built heritage regarding architectural interventions on historical buildings. The paper employs a comparative analysis of selected examples, in order to identify and classify new programs and architectural interventions resulting from the reshaping process.
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